March 19, 2021
Venezuela Then and Now
Chester McAteer
Purchasing power:
1979: The Saudi Venezuelans crowd the stores of New York.
2019: Venezuelans collect water from the sewers and rivers to bathe.
Immigration and emigration:
1979: During the process of registration of foreigners, the government announces that they will be granting residence visas to Colombians with more than five years in the country.
2019: More than one million Venezuelans are living in Colombia as refugees.
Infrastructure and services:
1979: The West Tower of the Central Park Complex is inaugurated. At the time it was the tallest skyscraper in Latin America.
2019: Water does not reach the buildings of Caracas.
1987: During the Copa Libertadores, the goalkeeper of Unión Atlético Táchira, scores a goal from his own side that contributes to the team’s 3: 2 victory over Independiente de Avellaneda.
2019: Vinotinto players do not have uniforms.
Telephony:
1987: The first public phones paid with magnetic cards come into operation.
2019: Venezuelans can not communicate due to lack of telephone signal in the middle of blackouts.
Freedom of the press:
1988: Televen begins its transmissions, by channel 10 (VHF) from Caracas.
2019: The television channels in Venezuela do not inform the people about what is happening in the country.
Indigenous people:
1989: Venezuela signs ILO Convention 169 on indigenous and tribal peoples, which extends several rights to indigenous communities.
2019: Bolivarian National Guard murders 25 Pemons during protests.
Carlos Cruz DÃez Museum:
1989: The Carlos Cruz DÃez Museum opens its doors.
2019: Work of Carlos Cruz DÃez in the International Airport of MaiquetÃa is in a state of deterioration.
The surname Convit:
1989: The scientist Jacinto Convit receives the Abraham Horwitz Prize in Washington.
2019: They declare Francisco Convit as "fugitive†from the American justice system and release arrest warrant. Accused of laundering more than USD $1.2 billion from PDVSA.
Citgo:
1990: Petróleos de Venezuela acquires all of the shares of Citgo, an oil company in the United States, also becoming the company’s main subsidiary outside Venezuelan territory.
2019: CITGO is in default, owing more than USD $5.4 billion.
Children’s rights:
1990: Venezuela adheres to the Convention on the Rights of the Child. The date of entry into is October 13, 1990.
2019: Children in Venezuela die due to lack of medical supplies.
Commerce:
1990: Venezuela signs the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade, a document that years later will give birth to the World Trade Organization.
2019: Merchants in Venezuela must modify the prices of their products daily, due to hyperinflation.
Internet:
1991: The .ve domain is designated as the geographic top-level internet domain for Venezuela.
2019: Venezuela’s internet is the slowest on the continent.
Economy:
1991: According to an article in Fortune magazine, Venezuela is the country with the highest rate of economic growth in Latin America.
2019: According to a report by the Heritage Foundation, Venezuela was ranked 179th out of 180 countries for economic freedom, registering a contraction of 44.3% of GDP since Nicolás Maduro took office in 2013.
CANTV:
1991: The process of privatization of the CANTV begins. The concession of 40% of the shares of the company is granted to the VenWorld Consortium, which had offered a tender of USD $1.9 billion.
2019: 12 years after Hugo Chávez returned to nationalize the company, the services provided by CANTV, telephony and internet, are extremely deficient, with many regions presenting service failures for days and months.
Purchasing power:
1979: The Saudi Venezuelans crowd the stores of New York.
2019: Venezuelans collect water from the sewers and rivers to bathe.
Immigration and emigration:
1979: During the process of registration of foreigners, the government announces that they will be granting residence visas to Colombians with more than five years in the country.
2019: More than one million Venezuelans are living in Colombia as refugees.
Infrastructure and services:
1979: The West Tower of the Central Park Complex is inaugurated. At the time it was the tallest skyscraper in Latin America.
2019: Water does not reach the buildings of Caracas.
Communication and press freedom:
1980: Color television transmissions are officially launched throughout the country.
2019: 115 media outlets have closed since the arrival of Nicolás Maduro to power.
Import and local production:
1980: The decree launching the slogan "Buy Venezuelan†is published in Official Gazette No. 32,329, in order to reduce the number of imports to favor domestic companies.
2019: Venezuela imports 75% of the food consumed in the country.
Technology and media management:
1980: The Camatagua II Land Station comes into operation, with which Venezuela already has full access to the Intelsat IV-A and Intelsat V satellite.
2019: State-controlle
Inflation:
1980: The new Banco de Venezuela Building is inaugurated.
2019: Hyperinflation in Venezuela climbs to over 10,000,000%.
Military History Museum:
1981: The Military History Museum is created.
2019: The Military History Museum is converted into the Hugo Chávez Museum.
Rómulo Gallegos Award:
1982: After awarding Mario Vargas Llosa, Gabriel GarcÃa Márquez, and Carlos Fuentes, Fernando del Paso receives the fourth edition of the Rómulo Gallegos Prize, awarding a prize of USD $100,000.
2019: The most important literary prize in Latin America was permanently suspended by the National Government.
Social politics:
1982: The Government institutes the food voucher, which consists of a donation of 100 bolivars for the most needy families of the population.
2019: Chavismo did not create social missions, public education, or food vouchers.
Children’s Museum:
1982: The Children’s Museum opens its doors in Caracas.
2019: Children of Caracas eat from the garbage in the streets.
Maracaibo:
1982: Venevisión produces the first International Orchid Festival in the Maracaibo Bullring. Artists obtain trophies made from seven different minerals.
2019: Maracaibo registers blackouts of more than 4 days on 5 occasions. It also has no water supply.
Transport:
1983: The Caracas Metro opens to the public with the inauguration of the first section of Line 1 between the Propatria and La Hoyada stations.
2019: Caracas metro service does not work due to lack of electricity.
Infrastructure and public services:
1983: Plaza Caracas opens in the vicinity of the Simón BolÃvar Center Towers. Its design is similar to that of the Piazza San Marco in Venice.
2019: Public spaces do not have lighting, painting, or basic services.
Culture:
1983: Inauguration of the Teresa Carreño Theater with capacity for 2,900 people. It is the largest cultural complex in Venezuela and the second largest in South America.
2019: Government "redecorates†the Teresa Carreño theater, placing an industrial water tank at the entrance.
Radio Caracas and Press Freedom:
1983: Radio Caracas Television celebrates 30 years of broadcasts.
2019: Radio Caracas Televisión celebrates 12 years closed after the illegal expropriation of Hugo Chávez.
Education:
1984: After 48 years, teachers and professors manage to sign their first collective contract with the Ministry of Education.
2019: Salary of teachers and university professors is less than USD $10 per month.
Vatican:
1985: In the first visit of a Pope to Venezuela, John Paul II lands at 15:53 ​​from Rome. That day he holds a private interview with President Jaime Lusinchi.
2019: Pope Francis does not pronounce on the murders and torture of opponents of the Venezuelan government.
Schooling:
1985: Venezuela obtains the World Literacy Prize awarded by Unesco.
2019: Children of Venezuela must cross the border by trails to go to classes in towns and cities bordering Colombia.
Astronomy:
1985: The Astronomy Research Center (CIDA) is officially launched, almost ten years after its creation.
2019: Venezuelans see the stars thanks to several days of blackouts nationwide.
Infrastructure:
1985: The construction of the Gran Mariscal de Ayacucho Highway begins, with completion envisaged by the beginning of 1988. The project is initially projected to be 30 km and cost 2 billion bolivares.
2019: Infrastructure and roads of Venezuela in ruins.
Income:
1985: By presidential decree, the minimum wage is set at 1500 bolivares monthly (USD $348 per month), with an official exchange rate of 4.30 bolivares to the dollar.
2019: By presidential decree, the minimum wage is set at 18,000 sovereign bolivars (USD $5.50 per month).
Hospitals:
1986: In the El Ãvila Clinic the first Venezuelan baby is born by in vitro fertilization, being only the second in Latin America. The operation was conducted by Dr. Juan Aller.
2019: 100 Venezuelans die every day due to lack of medication.
Hydroelectric power:
1986: The final stage of the Raúl Leoni Hydroelectric Complex enters into operation, which with an installed capacity of 10,235 MW becomes the largest hydroelectric power station in the world at the time. A year later, the "San Agatón†Hydroelectric Power Plant was inaugurated, the first stage of the "Leonardo Ruiz Pineda†Hydroelectric Generation Complex, belonging to the Uribante-Caparo
2019: Only in the month of March, Venezuela registers 5 blackouts nationwide.
1980: Color television transmissions are officially launched throughout the country.
2019: 115 media outlets have closed since the arrival of Nicolás Maduro to power.
Import and local production:
1980: The decree launching the slogan "Buy Venezuelan†is published in Official Gazette No. 32,329, in order to reduce the number of imports to favor domestic companies.
2019: Venezuela imports 75% of the food consumed in the country.
Technology and media management:
1980: The Camatagua II Land Station comes into operation, with which Venezuela already has full access to the Intelsat IV-A and Intelsat V satellite.
2019: State-controlle
Inflation:
1980: The new Banco de Venezuela Building is inaugurated.
2019: Hyperinflation in Venezuela climbs to over 10,000,000%.
Military History Museum:
1981: The Military History Museum is created.
2019: The Military History Museum is converted into the Hugo Chávez Museum.
Rómulo Gallegos Award:
1982: After awarding Mario Vargas Llosa, Gabriel GarcÃa Márquez, and Carlos Fuentes, Fernando del Paso receives the fourth edition of the Rómulo Gallegos Prize, awarding a prize of USD $100,000.
2019: The most important literary prize in Latin America was permanently suspended by the National Government.
Social politics:
1982: The Government institutes the food voucher, which consists of a donation of 100 bolivars for the most needy families of the population.
2019: Chavismo did not create social missions, public education, or food vouchers.
Children’s Museum:
1982: The Children’s Museum opens its doors in Caracas.
2019: Children of Caracas eat from the garbage in the streets.
Maracaibo:
1982: Venevisión produces the first International Orchid Festival in the Maracaibo Bullring. Artists obtain trophies made from seven different minerals.
2019: Maracaibo registers blackouts of more than 4 days on 5 occasions. It also has no water supply.
Transport:
1983: The Caracas Metro opens to the public with the inauguration of the first section of Line 1 between the Propatria and La Hoyada stations.
2019: Caracas metro service does not work due to lack of electricity.
Infrastructure and public services:
1983: Plaza Caracas opens in the vicinity of the Simón BolÃvar Center Towers. Its design is similar to that of the Piazza San Marco in Venice.
2019: Public spaces do not have lighting, painting, or basic services.
Culture:
1983: Inauguration of the Teresa Carreño Theater with capacity for 2,900 people. It is the largest cultural complex in Venezuela and the second largest in South America.
2019: Government "redecorates†the Teresa Carreño theater, placing an industrial water tank at the entrance.
Radio Caracas and Press Freedom:
1983: Radio Caracas Television celebrates 30 years of broadcasts.
2019: Radio Caracas Televisión celebrates 12 years closed after the illegal expropriation of Hugo Chávez.
Education:
1984: After 48 years, teachers and professors manage to sign their first collective contract with the Ministry of Education.
2019: Salary of teachers and university professors is less than USD $10 per month.
Vatican:
1985: In the first visit of a Pope to Venezuela, John Paul II lands at 15:53 ​​from Rome. That day he holds a private interview with President Jaime Lusinchi.
2019: Pope Francis does not pronounce on the murders and torture of opponents of the Venezuelan government.
Schooling:
1985: Venezuela obtains the World Literacy Prize awarded by Unesco.
2019: Children of Venezuela must cross the border by trails to go to classes in towns and cities bordering Colombia.
Astronomy:
1985: The Astronomy Research Center (CIDA) is officially launched, almost ten years after its creation.
2019: Venezuelans see the stars thanks to several days of blackouts nationwide.
Infrastructure:
1985: The construction of the Gran Mariscal de Ayacucho Highway begins, with completion envisaged by the beginning of 1988. The project is initially projected to be 30 km and cost 2 billion bolivares.
2019: Infrastructure and roads of Venezuela in ruins.
Income:
1985: By presidential decree, the minimum wage is set at 1500 bolivares monthly (USD $348 per month), with an official exchange rate of 4.30 bolivares to the dollar.
2019: By presidential decree, the minimum wage is set at 18,000 sovereign bolivars (USD $5.50 per month).
Hospitals:
1986: In the El Ãvila Clinic the first Venezuelan baby is born by in vitro fertilization, being only the second in Latin America. The operation was conducted by Dr. Juan Aller.
2019: 100 Venezuelans die every day due to lack of medication.
Hydroelectric power:
1986: The final stage of the Raúl Leoni Hydroelectric Complex enters into operation, which with an installed capacity of 10,235 MW becomes the largest hydroelectric power station in the world at the time. A year later, the "San Agatón†Hydroelectric Power Plant was inaugurated, the first stage of the "Leonardo Ruiz Pineda†Hydroelectric Generation Complex, belonging to the Uribante-Caparo
2019: Only in the month of March, Venezuela registers 5 blackouts nationwide.
Chester McAteer
Sports:1987: During the Copa Libertadores, the goalkeeper of Unión Atlético Táchira, scores a goal from his own side that contributes to the team’s 3: 2 victory over Independiente de Avellaneda.
2019: Vinotinto players do not have uniforms.
Telephony:
1987: The first public phones paid with magnetic cards come into operation.
2019: Venezuelans can not communicate due to lack of telephone signal in the middle of blackouts.
Freedom of the press:
1988: Televen begins its transmissions, by channel 10 (VHF) from Caracas.
2019: The television channels in Venezuela do not inform the people about what is happening in the country.
Indigenous people:
1989: Venezuela signs ILO Convention 169 on indigenous and tribal peoples, which extends several rights to indigenous communities.
2019: Bolivarian National Guard murders 25 Pemons during protests.
Carlos Cruz DÃez Museum:
1989: The Carlos Cruz DÃez Museum opens its doors.
2019: Work of Carlos Cruz DÃez in the International Airport of MaiquetÃa is in a state of deterioration.
The surname Convit:
1989: The scientist Jacinto Convit receives the Abraham Horwitz Prize in Washington.
2019: They declare Francisco Convit as "fugitive†from the American justice system and release arrest warrant. Accused of laundering more than USD $1.2 billion from PDVSA.
Citgo:
1990: Petróleos de Venezuela acquires all of the shares of Citgo, an oil company in the United States, also becoming the company’s main subsidiary outside Venezuelan territory.
2019: CITGO is in default, owing more than USD $5.4 billion.
Children’s rights:
1990: Venezuela adheres to the Convention on the Rights of the Child. The date of entry into is October 13, 1990.
2019: Children in Venezuela die due to lack of medical supplies.
Commerce:
1990: Venezuela signs the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade, a document that years later will give birth to the World Trade Organization.
2019: Merchants in Venezuela must modify the prices of their products daily, due to hyperinflation.
Internet:
1991: The .ve domain is designated as the geographic top-level internet domain for Venezuela.
2019: Venezuela’s internet is the slowest on the continent.
Economy:
1991: According to an article in Fortune magazine, Venezuela is the country with the highest rate of economic growth in Latin America.
2019: According to a report by the Heritage Foundation, Venezuela was ranked 179th out of 180 countries for economic freedom, registering a contraction of 44.3% of GDP since Nicolás Maduro took office in 2013.
CANTV:
1991: The process of privatization of the CANTV begins. The concession of 40% of the shares of the company is granted to the VenWorld Consortium, which had offered a tender of USD $1.9 billion.
2019: 12 years after Hugo Chávez returned to nationalize the company, the services provided by CANTV, telephony and internet, are extremely deficient, with many regions presenting service failures for days and months.
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