So Many Volcanoes, So Little Time

From Richard Cronin:

Geldingadalir volcano, Iceland

Thordarson explained that "eruptive episodes" can last for hundreds of years. "And then there's a pause that lasts for 500 or 1,000 years or so, but 800 years on average,"

Quite some time ago I roughed out some numbers for the cycles of global warming & cooling. Looking at the approx. durations of the Roman Warming, Dark Age Cooling, Medieval Warming, and Little Ice Age, I came to the same 800 year cycle, trough-to-peak- to-trough.

The linked article describes how the Geldingadalir volcano "pulses”. Several volcanologists have identified that the mantle plume volcanoes of Iceland and the Hawaiian Islands "co-pulsate”, as if the Earth has a heart beat. Also, it was recently observed that sections of the mid-Atlantic Ridge are mantle plume "hot spots”. Yellowstone is another mantle plume hot spot. The mid-Atlantic Ridge passes thru Iceland and extends into the very active Gakkel Ridge, spanning the Arctic. With the Earth as a globe, the thinnest part of the crust is at the North Pole, closest to the Earth’s heat engine.

Finally, NASA satellites have observed that East Antarctica is pulsing up and down, pumping "rivers of ice” thru the mountain passes of the TransAntarctic Mountain Range and out to West Antarctica where the greatest amount of calving occurs at the Ross Ice Shelf.

Tim adds:

Oh, and they say "80% of volcanic eruptions happen under water". That's interesting as the global warming crowd insists volcanism has nothing to do with climate change based on research done on just five land-based volcanoes which "showed" not a lot of carbon dioxide being released. This puts the lie to that.

Mr. Cronin replies:

Per Hillier and Watt there are a possible 1,000,000 to 3,000,000 undersea volcanoes. An estimated 75,000 seamount volcanoes rise 1 km or more above the ocean floor. This compares with 50 to 75 land-based volcanoes in a given year.

 

IPCC, USGS, and fellow scammers all cite the papers of Terence M. Gerlach

Terrence Gerlach is a name you should remember in volcanology. He’s an idiot.

On 4-June-1991, Gerlach issued his paper: "Present day CO2 emissions from volcanoes”.

Gerlach estimated the flow of CO2 from 7 subaerial volcanoes and 3 hydrothermal vents to derive some sort of "average” CO2 emission per explosive, magma-flowing volcano (i.e. Mt. Etna). Then he produced a bunch of hand waving calculations riddled with unsubstantiated assumptions ( Just like Svente Arrhenius did in his support of John Tyndall).

Gerlach further stated that the number of submarine volcanoes were about equal to all explosive subaerial volcanoes — say 50 to 60 active in a given year, although there are approx. 1500 land-based volcanoes in varying states of CO2 emission. For submarine volcanoes, he only considered those associated with mid-oceanic ridge systems. Such combinations have only been observed in the Gakkel Ridge under the North Pole.

A direct quote from Gerlach’s paper: "Indeed, the output from Mt. Etna alone is about equivalent to that of the entire mid-oceanic ridge system.”

What !?! Say, What !?!

Gerlach ignored volcanoes associated with rifts, plate strike regions, as well as mantle plume volcanoes ( submarine discharges around Iceland and Hawaii) and simmering calderas.

His submarine volcano count did not include rifts (East Africa Rift), faults (San Andreas), strike-plate regions (the Himalayas) and smaller hydrothermal vents. In the Mariana Trench there is the Champagne Vent due to the pale color of LIQUID CO2 spewing out under those deep water conditions.

CO2 vents from inactive calderas and the side walls of "dormant” volcanoes.

Anywhere there is a fissure in the Earth, heat and CO2 is emitted, in vastly, vastly greater amounts than puny humans.

After his cock-and-bull paper, Gerlach concluded by asking for more money to study subaerial volcanoes further.

Since then, Oregon State Univ., using bathyscaphic observations, has estimated that there are approx. one (1) million submarine volcanoes, with 75,000 rising 1+ km above the ocean floor.

The work of Hillier and Watt give an estimate of as many as 3 million submarine volcanoes.

Other natural sources of CO2 not included by Gerlach were hot springs, geysers, peat bog fires, natural forest fires, grassland fires, coal seam fires, forms of bacterial decomposition, smoldering forest fires just recently detected by infrared satellite observations.

Helium gas fields are in deep canyons with permeable soils. At best, the gas stream contains far less than 10 % Helium. The vast bulk of the gas stream is CO2 and it is percolating up continuously.

Weathering of mineral carbonates (i.e. limestone) produce CO2.

Another source of unaccounted CO2 is the exposure of organic and inorganic carbon from soil tillage. Ohh, wait !! Tillage and agriculture have steadily increased with population growth. Quick ! Stop farming !

Gerlach is an idiot, but the other pseudo-scientists take him as the Great Man.

https://amp.livescience.com/40451-volcanic-co2-levels-are-staggering.html

https://tallbloke.wordpress.com/2018/11/07/discovery-of-massive-volcanic-co2-emissions-puts-damper-on-global-warming-theory/amp/

Posted by: Timothy Birdnow at 09:58 AM | No Comments | Add Comment
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