Timothy Birdnow

Monday the heartland of the United States will be treated to a total solar eclipse. There hasn't been one here in my lifetime, although there was one back east (I live in Missouri) a number of decades ago. It's a big event, and people are coming to Missouri and Illinois by the plane loads to witness the event (and even a few to study it.) Carbondale Illinois is ground zero (with the University of Southern Illinois being the epicenter of all the activity as astronomers and whatnot travel to the event.) In Missouri it is just south of my hometown of St. Louis, near a little town called St. Clair. But it will be visible in many places around these areas and a partial eclipse will be visible to people well away from there. Chicago will see a partial. So too New York City.

Here is an article that tells everyone how to safely view the eclipse. This is important, people; I visited a retina specialist who told me that they were expecting a land-office business after this event, as a lot of people were going to go blind by burning their retinas. I likened it to the old school child trick of burning ants with a magnifying glass - something I always thought was wrong, by the way - and the doctor thought that an excellent analogy.

At any rate, it is very dangerous to look at the sun. Here is the article:



https://eclipse2017.nasa.gov/safety

Looking directly at the sun is unsafe except during the brief total phase of a solar eclipse ("totality”), when the moon entirely blocks the sun’s bright face, which will happen only within the narrow path of totality (https://go.nasa.gov/2pC0lhe).

The only safe way to look directly at the uneclipsed or partially eclipsed sun is through special-purpose solar filters, such as "eclipse glasses” (example shown at left) or hand-held solar viewers. Homemade filters or ordinary sunglasses, even very dark ones, are not safe for looking at the sun; they transmit thousands of times too much sunlight. Refer to the American Astronomical Society (AAS) Reputable Vendors of Solar Filters & Viewerspage for a list of manufacturers and authorized dealers of eclipse glasses and handheld solar viewers verified to be compliant with the ISO 12312-2 international safety standard for such products.

• Always inspect your solar filter before use; if scratched or damaged, discard it. Read and follow any instructions printed on or packaged with the filter.
• Always supervise children using solar filters.
• Stand still and cover your eyes with your eclipse glasses or solar viewer before looking up at the bright sun. After looking at the sun, turn away and remove your filter — do not remove it while looking at the sun.
• Do not look at the uneclipsed or partially eclipsed sun through an unfiltered camera, telescope, binoculars, or other optical device.
• Similarly, do not look at the sun through a camera, a telescope, binoculars, or any other optical device while using your eclipse glasses or hand-held solar viewer — the concentrated solar rays will damage the filter and enter your eye(s), causing serious injury.
• Seek expert advice from an astronomer before using a solar filter with a camera, a telescope, binoculars, or any other optical device. Note that solar filters must be attached to thefrontof any telescope, binoculars, camera lens, or other optics.

• If you are within the path of totality (https://go.nasa.gov/2pC0lhe), remove your solar filter only when the moon completely covers the sun’s bright face and it suddenly gets quite dark. Experience totality, then, as soon as the bright sun begins to reappear, replace your solar viewer to look at the remaining partial phases.

• Outside the path of totality, you mustalwaysuse a safe solar filterto view the sun directly.

• If you normally wear eyeglasses, keep them on. Put your eclipse glasses on over them, or hold your handheld viewer in front of them.

Note:If your eclipse glasses or viewers are compliant with the ISO 12312-2 safety standard, you may look at the uneclipsed or partially eclipsed Sun through them for as long as you wish. Furthermore, if the filters aren't scratched, punctured, or torn, you may reuse themindefinitely. Some glasses/viewers are printed with warnings stating that you shouldn't look through them for more than 3 minutes at a time and that you should discard them if they are more than 3 years old. Such warnings are outdated and do not apply to eclipse viewers compliant with the ISO 12312-2 standard adopted in 2015.To make sure you get (or got) your eclipse glasses/viewers from a supplier of ISO-compliant products, see the American Astronomical Society (AAS) Reputable Vendors of Solar Filters & Viewerspage.

An alternative method for safe viewing of the partially eclipsed sun is pinhole projection. For example, cross the outstretched, slightly open fingers of one hand over the outstretched, slightly open fingers of the other, creating a waffle pattern. With your back to the sun, look at your hands’ shadow on the ground. The little spaces between your fingers will project a grid of small images on the ground, showing the sun as a crescent during the partial phases of the eclipse. Or just look at the shadow of a leafy tree during the partial eclipse; you'll see the ground dappled with crescent Suns projected by the tiny spaces between the leaves.

A solar eclipse is one of nature’s grandest spectacles. By following these simple rules, you can safely enjoy the view and be rewarded with memories to last a lifetime. More information:

This document does not constitute medical advice. Readers with questions should contact a qualified eye-care professional.

Additional Safety Information

An eclipse is a rare and striking phenomenon you won't want to miss, but you must carefully follow safety procedures. Don't let the requisite warnings scare you away from witnessing this singular spectacle! You can experience the eclipse safely, but it is vital that you protect your eyes at all times with the proper solar filters. No matter what recommended technique you use, do not stare continuously at the sun. Take breaks and give your eyes a rest! Do not use sunglasses: they don't offer your eyes sufficient protection. The only acceptable glasses are safe viewers designed for looking at the sun and solar eclipses. One excellent resource on how to determine if your viewers are safe can be found here:https://eclipse.aas.org/eye-safety/iso-certification

Viewing with Protection-- Experts suggests that one widely available filter for safe solar viewing is welders glass of sufficiently high number. The only ones that are safe for direct viewing of the Sun with your eyes are those of Shade 12 or higher. These are much darker than the filters used for most kinds of welding. If you have an old welder's helmet around the house and are thinking of using it to view the Sun, make sure you know the filter's shade number. If it's less than 12 (and it probably is), don't eventhinkabout using it to look at the Sun. Manypeople find the Sun too bright even in a Shade 12 filter, and some find the Sun too dim in a Shade 14 filter— but Shade 13 filters are uncommon and can be hard to find. The AASReputable Vendors of Solar Filters & Viewerspagedoesn't list any suppliers of welder's filters, only suppliers of special-purpose filters made for viewing the Sun.To find out more about eyewear and handheld viewers go to https://eclipse.aas.org/eye-safety/eyewear-viewers.

Telescopes with Solar Filters– Eclipses are best viewed directly when magnified, which means a telescope with a solar filter or solar telescopes. These will give you a magnified view that will clearly show the progress of an eclipse. Never look through a telescope without a solar filter on the large end of the scope. And never use small solar filters that attach to the eyepiece (as found in some older, cheaper telescopes.) https://eclipse.aas.org/eye-safety/optics-filters

Pinhole and Related Projection Methods-- Pinhole projectors and other projection techniques are a safe, indirect viewing technique for observing an image of the sun. These provide a popular way for viewing solar eclipses. One viewing technique is to project an image of the sun onto a white surface with a projecting telescope. This is explained further here:http://www.astrosociety.org/education/publications/tnl/05/stars2.html

The Exploratorium demonstrates how to view a planet in transit or an eclipse safely by projecting the image with binoculars: http://www.exploratorium.edu/transit/how.html. There are commercially available projection telescopes as well.

Besides eye protection during solar eclipse viewing, one needs to pay attention to their personal needs and surrounding. Below are some additional safety tips for eclipse observers before, during and after the August 21, 2017 solar eclipse.

Graphics-Only Solar Eclipse Safety Flyer

Car Safety
Planning to Drive the Eclipse
https://www.ready.gov/car

Camping Health and Safety
https://www.cdc.gov/family/camping/
http://www.recreation.gov/recFacilityActivitiesHomeAction.do?goto=camping.htm&activities=9

Heat and Children in Cars
http://www.safercar.gov/parents/InandAroundtheCar/heatstroke.htm
http://www.safercar.gov/parents/InandAroundtheCar/heat-involved.html

Federal Emergency Management Agency–Are You Ready
Food and Water Safety
Hazards to Outdoors Workers
Heat and Hydration
Hiking Safety
Large Crowds Safety
Personal Safety–At Home, On the Street, While Traveling
Sun Safety:Save Your Skin

Posted by: Timothy Birdnow at 07:56 AM | No Comments | Add Comment
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