Richard Cronin

Took some time to bang off an e-Mail to three (3) oceanographers:

To Drs. Lowell Stott, Ellen Druffel, George Luther III -

I hope this message finds you and your loved ones in good health. The world needs competent oceanographers.

I have read with interest your papers regarding hydrothermal vent activity in the Eastern Equatorial Pacific accompanied with increased Carbon 14 levels buried in marine sediments.

Carbon-14, Chlorine-36, and Berylium-10 are produced by cosmogenesis in the upper atmosphere, but they are also produced by nuclear fission. Anomalous findings in deep locations have been attributed to open air atomic testing, which ended in the early 1980s.

Tritium, Sodium 22, Chlorine 36 and Radon have been observed at 50 meters depth in a mud volcano in the Caucasus.

"An attempt to determine the tritium, 22Na, 36Cl and radon in territory of mud volcano in Taman”
Nevinsky et al (2001).

French Antarctic researchers have observed anomalous concentrations of Chlorine 36 in ice cores taken at Vostok, deep in East Antarctica, which gets minimal snow compared to the coastal areas of Antarctica (Talos). Yet the Vostok ice cores show greater Cl-36 concentration and it is migrating upward. This finding in deep ice cores is erroneously attributed to open air atomic testing.

"A Comparison of 36Cl Nuclear Bomb Inputs Deposited in Snow From Vostok and Talos Dome, Antarctica, Using the 36Cl/Cl− ratio” - S. Pivot et al (2019)

"The chlorine was not only spreading to the atmosphere from the firn surface of the snowpack, but moving up from the snowpack's depths, meaning the chlorine is more mobile than scientists previously thought.”

In virtually all ice cores taken in polar regions, the uptick in CO2 lagged the uptick in warmth, by hundreds of years at least.

Perhaps you are familiar with the GeoReactor hypothesis offered by Dr. J. Marvin Herndon since the early 1990s. I have been studying about the GeoReactor since 2006, and there are multiple papers to support his hypothesis.

More recently, James Edward Kamis has introduced his Plate Climatology Theory, which he presented to the American Meteorological Society in 2016. His book was published in May, 2021.

The heat of the Earth’s interior is greatly unsettled. Davies & Davies (2010) took temperature logs from boreholes, and arrived at an estimate of 47 TW, +/- 2 TW. They only had a few boreholes on Continental Shelves and none in the polar regions nor deep ocean regions — where the Earth’s crust/ lithosphere is thinnest. They also assumed that heat was transmitted uniformly thru the Mantle via conduction and only by conduction. Kamis points out that the Earth’s internal heat is not transmitted uniformly. Rather, there are numerous Mantle Plume hotspots such as the East Pacific Rise and the Hawaiian Islands.

L.B. Bezrukov et al (2017) at least thought to include the enthalpy carried with fluids venting out of the planet, and the vast bulk of such vented fluids occur in the deep oceans. Bezrukov arrived at a very, very rough estimate of 300 to 420 TW.

Via bathymetric observations, an estimated 1.0 to 3.5 million submarine volcanoes exist and those numbers are only for the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian Oceans. Nothing is provided above latitude 60 degrees — yet the polar regions are very seismically active.

"Global distribution of seamounts from ship-track bathymetry data”
Hillier & Watts, July, 2007

Hydrothermal vents and simple ocean floor seeps are innumerable.

Re: Anthropogenic Climate Change. Climatologists are the wrong discipline to be dominating the conversation, culminating in the money-burning exercises of the IPCC, the Paris Accords, and the Green New Deal. Even more significant are new terms in our lexicon — "Energy Poverty” and "Excess Winter Deaths”. Across the European Union, low income households cannot afford to heat their homes in the winter. The impoverished elderly roll up in blankets and die. No doubt that "Energy Poverty” greatly aided the effects of Covid.

Dr. Herndon is an accomplished Nuclear Chemist. Mr. Kamis is an accomplished Geologist. My career has been spent in Chemical Engineering. Oceanographers certainly have a great deal to offer.

Both Svente Arrhenius (1896) and Gilbert Plass (1956) had no idea of the Earth’s multiple internal heat sources. Multiple exothermic chemical reactions in the Upper Mantle and lithosphere produce CO2, SO2, H2S, all the acid gases, plus methane and oil. It’s incalculable, but it is HUGE. The vast amount is dissipated into the oceans, where the lithosphere is thinnest. With the acid gases entering the ocean, we also have the heat of neutralization in the ocean waters.

Re: Abiotic Hydrocarbons. See "Deep Carbon - Past to Present” by the Deep Carbon Observatory, 2019. Chapter 12, Figure 12.10

Another useful reference is "The Fourth Source, Effects of Natural Nuclear Reactors” by Robert J. Tuttle. However, Tuttle frankly admits in his Introduction that the effects of fission on evolution and past galactic events are a bit speculative.

Finally, due to the Neutron Star Merger (NSM) observed in August, 2017 (GW170817) we know that such events are the principal source of the heavy Actinides. Much more of these fissile and fertile elements are available across the Universe.

Please call or write if you wish to communicate more fully.

Thank you.

Richard Cronin

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